Borrowing billions of $$s to pay a dividend!? Cutting budgets, projects and heads to pay a dividend!? So why all the need to keep investors happy? To my knowledge, CVX does not issue new shares of stock to fund ongoing operations. I guess the real incentive to 'keep shareholders happy' is that some of those shareholders happen to be corporate VPs and the like who's compensation is heavily based on stock options / incentives. If the stock price fell to say $50/share, would the company have to reduce budgets? Of course not, but the CEO's compensation would only be a measly $1-2 MM in salary.
P.S. Berkshire Hathaway seems to do ok for their shareholders without paying dividends. I guess Warren has better things to do with his money than distribute it away.