Intel has always been carried by the d-mb luck of X86, handed to it by IBM. In Intel's heyday, the TD head was able to pick the innovations coming from IBM and adapt them to the mass production needs. That piggy-back relationship faded as IBM's chip business died. So it is not that unusual to see it struggle technologically today. However, it maybe good enough for the slightly lower end, with fewer and more _secure_ employees. Don't even try to innovate.
The initial DNA of TSMC consists of mainly engineers from US companies. They are often capable and ambitious, but couldn't move up for culture reasons. This old breed built up TSMC as it is now. But they are fading out as the US chip industry falls behind and has less and less to offer. TSMC's biggest risk, however, is being hit in a shooting war.
I don't know much about Samsung. It had a remarkable transition from memories to the foundry business. Due to culture reasons, however, I don't think they can, or even care to, have a lot of foundry customers.