(Repost from an earlier comment)
Capitalism has existed for a very long time. It is why things such as the manufacturing sector moving to Mexico/China/anywhere but the US happened. It's not like the sector wasn't able to expand...it just became cheaper to do it somewhere else. Capitalism is chasing infinite growth for companies. If your product is sold to the most people it can ever be sold to, you need to find other ways to 'grow' your company. Cutting costs by building the widget in Mexico/China instead of the US is the next step.
Take shrinkflation for example. We have all seen it and you can't deny it exists. It is the result of trying to 'grow' your company when you simply can't grow it anymore. So, let's take our existing product, make it smaller, and charge the same or even more for it. Bo-m, we just boosted our profits by largely doing nothing. Companies find every example of how to do this they can. Benefits get reduced, perks get removed, salaries stagnate, etc. Eventually, we find ourselves having to pay a subscription to enable the heated seats in our vehicles....
Back to offshoring our jobs. 20 years ago, you simply could not physically outsource those jobs to India...even if you wanted to. The infrastructure did not exist. Once it became possible, companies started doing it so save money. This saved money did not trickle down to employees that remained. No, it just helped the bottom line and boost share value.
That's it. That's the story. It is done to improve profits and increase value. It is not that hard to understand. Capitalism, and the infinite growth required by Wall Street caused this. Does that mean other economic policies are better? Not necessarily. Things could be much worse. They could be better too. Let's stop pretending capitalism is a nice guy and not to blame here.